Keyword

Collaborative learning, group work, English for Specific Purposes, workplace, higher education, Lebanon

Abstract

The effectiveness of collaborative learning (CL) on students learning and their classroom interaction as well as on preparing students for the workplace has been stressed in a lot of the literature (Saba Ayon, 2013a; Gillies, 2008; Ghaith, 2003; Abram et al., 2002; King, 2000; Johnson, et al., 1995; Shachar and Sharan, 1994; and Johnson and Johnson, 1986 among others) and (Beckman, 1990; Musa, at al., 2011) respectively. Due to these benefits, the researcher incorporates CL in her teaching strategies in two advanced ESP courses at a private Lebanese English-speaking university. However, quite a number of her students are reluctant to work collaboratively and express their preferences to her to work individually. Therefore, the researcher aims in this research study to examine (1) students attitudes towards working collaboratively and (2) students perceptions of the effectiveness of CL on (a) their learning as well as (b) their acquisition of essential skills required in the workplace such as problem-solving, teamwork, flexibility, and tolerance. The researcher employs a mixed-method approach and uses different data-collection methods. The findings, which are analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively, reveal that most participants have a positive attitude towards CL. However, past negative experiences with CL, poor group dynamics, and absence of instructor’s support contributes to students negative disposition towards CL. Besides, the participants perceive CL a


Full Text : PDF

References
  • Abram, P., Scarloss, B., Holthuis, N., Cohen, E., Lotan, R, & Schultz, S. (2002), The Use of Evaluation Criteria to Improve Academic Discussion in Cooperative Groups, Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 22 (1), pp. 16-27.
  • Armstrong, C. (2010), Catalyzing Collaborative Learning: How Automated Task Distribution May Prompt Students to Collaborate, E-Learning and Digital Media, 7 (4), pp.407-415.
  • Bacon, D. R. (2011), Comparing Direct versus Indirect Measures of the Pedagogical Effectiveness of Team Testing, Journal of Marketing Education, 33, 3, pp. 384-358.
  • Bartle, E.K., Dook, J. &Mocerino, M. (2011), Attitudes of Tertiary Students towards a Group Project in a Science Unit, Chemistry Education Research and Practice, 12, pp. 303-311.
  • Beckman, M. (1990), Collaborative Learning: Preparation for the Workplace and Democracy? College Teaching, 38(4), pp. 128-133.
  • Bonwell, C. & Eison, J. (1991), Active Learning: Creating Excitement in the Classroom (ASHE-ERIC Higher Education Report No. 1), Washington, DC: George Washington University.
  • Brown, F. A. (n.d.), Collaborative Learning in the EAP Classroom: Students’ Perceptions, Centre for Academic Development, Communication and Study Units. The University of Botswana: Botswana.
  • Bryman, A. (2008), Social Research Methods, (Third Edition), New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Cabrera, A. F., Crissman, J. L., Bernal, E. M., Nora, A., Terenzini, P. T., & Pascarella, E. T. (2002),  Collaborative Learning: Its Impact on College Students’ Development and Diversity, Journal of College Student Development, 34 ,1, pp.20-34.
  • Choi, Y. and Ro, H. (2012), An Empirical Study of Hospitality Management Student Attitudes toward Group Projects: Instructional Factors and Team Problems, Journal of College Teaching and Learning, 9, 4, pp. 303-312.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2009), Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (3rded.), US: Sage Publications.
  • Ghaith, G. (2003), Effect of the Learning Together Model of Cooperative Learning on English as a Foreign Language Reading Achievement, Academic Self- esteem, Feelings of School Alienation, Bilingual Research Journal, 27, 3, pp. 451- 474.
  • Gillies, R.M. (2008), The Effects of Cooperative Learning on Junior High School Students’ Behaviours, Discourse, and Learning during a Science-Based Learning Activity, School Psychology International, 29, pp. 328-347.
  • Gokhale, A. A. (1995), Collaborative Learning Enhances Critical Thinking, Journal of Technology Education, 7, 1, retrieved from:
  • http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JTE/v7n1/gokhale.jtev7n1.html?ref=Saws.Org.
  • Ingleton, C., Doube, L., Rogers, T. & Noble, A. (2000), Leap into … Collaborative Learning. Centre for Learning and Professional Development (CLPD), The University of Adelaide: Australia.
  • Johnson, D.W. & Johnson, R. T. (1986), Mainstreaming and Cooperative Learning Strategies, Exceptional Children, 52, pp. 553-561.
  • Johnson, D., W., Johnson, R. T., & Smith, K. A. (1995), Cooperative Learning and Individual Student Achievement in Secondary Schools, in: J. E. Pedersen & A. D. Digby (Eds.), Secondary Schools and Cooperative Learning, (New York, Garland).
  • Johnson, D. W. & Johnson, R. T. (1996), Cooperation and the Use of Technology, in D. H. Jonassen (Ed.), Handbook of Research for Educational Communications and Technology, New York: Simon and Schuster.
  • Khabiri, M. & Lavasani, M. (2012), A Collaborative Approach to Autonomy: Does it Improve EFL Learners’ Oral Proficiency? World Applied Sciences Journal, 20, 9, pp. 1293-1299.
  • King, A. (2002), Structuring Peer Interaction to Promote High-Level Cognitive Processing, Theory into Practice, 41, pp. 33-40.
  • Kreijns, K., Kirschner, P. A., &Jochems, W. (2003), Identifying the Pitfalls for Social Interaction in Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning Environments: A Review of the Research, Computers in Human Behavior, 19, pp. 335-353.
  • Ku, H-Y., Tseng, H.W., & Akarasriworn, C. (2013), Collaboration Factors, Teamwork Satisfaction, and Students Attitudes toward Online Learning, Computers in Human Behaviour, 29, pp. 922-929.
  • Musa, F., Mufti, N., Abdul Latiff, R., & Mohamed Amin, M. (2011), Project-Based Learning: Promoting Meaningful Language Learning for Workplace Skills, Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 18, pp. 187-195.
  • Rutherford, R., Marhur, S., and Quinn, M. (1998), Promoting Social Communication Skills through Cooperative Learning and Direct Instruction, Education and Treatment of Children, 21, 3, pp. 231-233.
  • Saba ‘Ayon, N. (2013a), Collaborative Learning in English for Specific Purposes Courses: Effectiveness and Students’ Attitudes towards it, American Academic & Scholarly Research Journal, 5, 3, pp. 62-75.
  • Saba ‘Ayon, N. (2013b), How to Incorporate Collaborative Learning in English for Specific Purposes Courses, in Proceedings from the First International ELT Symposium, Istanbul, Turkey: Istanbul Sabahattin University.
  • Shachar, H. and Sharan, S. (1994), Talking, Relating, and Achieving: Effects of Cooperative Learning and Whole –Class Instruction, Cognition and Instruction, 12, pp. 313-353.
  • Slavin, R.E. (1988), Cooperative Learning and Student Achievement, Educational Leadership, 46, 2, pp. 31-33.
  • Totten, S., Sills, T., Digby, A., & Russ, P. (1991), Cooperative Learning: A Guide to Research, New York: Garland.
  • Vygotsky, L. S. (1978), Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes, US: President and Fellows of Harvard College.
  • Wang, F. & Burton, J.K. (2010), Collaborative Learning Problems and Identity Salience: A Mixed Methods Study, Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange, 3 1, pp. 1-12.